409 BC

Millennium:	1st millennium BC
Centuries:	6th century BC 5th century BC 4th century BC
Decades:	420s BC 410s BC 400s BC 390s BC 380s BC
Years:	412 BC 411 BC 410 BC 409 BC 408 BC 407 BC 406 BC

409 BC in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	409 BC CDIX BC
Ab urbe condita	345
Ancient Egypt era	XXVII dynasty, 117
- Pharaoh	Darius II of Persia, 15
Ancient Greek era	92nd Olympiad, year 4
Assyrian calendar	4342
Balinese saka calendar	N/A
Bengali calendar	−1001
Berber calendar	542
Buddhist calendar	136
Burmese calendar	−1046
Byzantine calendar	5100–5101
Chinese calendar	辛未年 (Metal Goat) 2289 or 2082     — to — 壬申年 (Water Monkey) 2290 or 2083
Coptic calendar	−692 – −691
Discordian calendar	758
Ethiopian calendar	−416 – −415
Hebrew calendar	3352–3353
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	−352 – −351
- Shaka Samvat	N/A
- Kali Yuga	2692–2693
Holocene calendar	9592
Iranian calendar	1030 BP – 1029 BP
Islamic calendar	1062 BH – 1061 BH
Javanese calendar	N/A
Julian calendar	N/A
Korean calendar	1925
Minguo calendar	2320 before ROC 民前2320年
Nanakshahi calendar	−1876
Thai solar calendar	134–135
Tibetan calendar	阴金羊年 (female Iron-Goat) −282 or −663 or −1435     — to — 阳水猴年 (male Water-Monkey) −281 or −662 or −1434

Year 409 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Cossus and Medullinus (or, less frequently, year 345 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 409 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Greece

• Alcibiades recaptures Byzantium, ending the city's rebellion from Athens. This action completes Athenian control of the Bosporus which secures the Athenian supply route for grain from the Bosporan Kingdom in the Black Sea region.
• The Athenian general, Thrasyllus, sails out from Athens with a sizable force to campaign in Ionia. There, he quickly captures Colophon and raids the Ionian countryside, but is defeated outside Ephesus by a combined Ephesian, Persian, and Syracusan force.
• Pausanias succeeds his father Pleistoanax as Agiad king of Sparta.
• The city of Rhodes is founded.

Sicily

• Taking advantage of the quarrels between the Greek cities in Sicily and of the mutual exhaustion of Athens and Syracuse, Carthage seeks to reimpose its influence over the island. Hannibal Mago, grandson of Hamilcar, invades Sicily with a strong force. He defeats the Sicilian Greeks and avenges his grandfather through the torture and killing of 3,000 Greek prisoners. In the Battle of Selinus and Battle of Himera he captures and destroys both cities before returning triumphantly to Carthage with the spoils of war.

By topic

Literature

• Sophocles' play Philoctetes is performed, with the theme of the Trojan War.

Deaths

• Pleistoanax, king of Sparta since 458 BC