Jump to content

Foreign relations of Eswatini

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Politics of Eswatini
Constitution
Monarchy
Government
Parliament
Administrative divisions
Elections
Foreign relations

Eswatini is a member of the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, and the Southern African Development Community. Currently, the Kingdom of Eswatini maintains 11 embassies and High Commissions along with 15 consulates and other representations around the world, while there are five embassies and High Commissions in Eswatini as well as 14 consulates and other representations.

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of Countries which Eswatini maintains diplomatic relations with:

# Country Date[1]
1  United Kingdom 6 September 1968[2]
2  United States 6 September 1968[3]
3  Portugal 6 September 1968[4]
—  Republic of China 16 September 1968[5]
4  Israel September 1968[6]
5  South Korea 6 November 1968[7]
6  Germany 15 November 1968[8]
7  Netherlands 1968[9]
8  Canada 10 February 1969[10]
9   Switzerland 6 August 1969[11]
10  Belgium 14 November 1969[12]
11  France 16 March 1970[13]
12  Kenya 18 May 1970[14]
13  Austria 1970[15]
14  India 1970[16]
15  Ethiopia 1 January 1971[17]
16  Zambia 31 March 1971[18]
17  Japan 21 May 1971[19]
18  Australia 9 July 1973[20]
19  Nigeria 13 October 1973[21]
20  Egypt 20 November 1973[22]
21  Sweden 1973[23]
22  Uganda 23 January 1974[24]
23  Tanzania 20 February 1974[25]
24  Argentina 1 April 1974[26]
25  Mozambique 11 September 1975[27]
26  Mexico 23 December 1975[28]
27  Lesotho 12 February 1976[29]
28  Botswana 20 May 1976[30]
29  Guinea 1977[31]
30  Brazil 23 June 1978[32]
31  Democratic Republic of the Congo June 1978[33]
32  Chile 25 September 1978[34]
33  Spain 6 April 1979[35]
34  Malta 19 April 1979[36]
35  Turkey 20 January 1981
36  Zimbabwe 27 November 1981[37]
37  Norway 11 December 1984[38]
38  Malaysia 31 March 1987[39]
39  Peru 8 June 1989
40  Angola 8 November 1989[40]
41  Hungary 9 May 1990
42  Poland 10 May 1990
43  Serbia 1 June 1990
44  Finland 20 September 1990[41]
45  Romania 12 December 1990[42]
46  Czech Republic 4 January 1991
47  Jamaica 13 February 1991
48  Thailand 17 January 1991[43]
49  Indonesia 12 April 1991[44]
50  Cambodia 13 December 1991[45]
51  Namibia 28 February 1992
—  Holy See 11 March 1992[46]
52  Singapore 1 September 1992[47]
53  Slovakia 1 January 1993[48]
54  Philippines 19 February 1993
55  Guyana 26 February 1993
56  South Africa 1 October 1993[49]
57  Iceland 3 December 1993
58  Bulgaria 30 January 1995[50]
59  Cuba 22 September 1995[51]
60  Kuwait 22 May 1996[52]
61  Morocco June 1996[53]
62  Denmark 4 February 1997[54]
63  Mauritius 7 October 1997[55]
64  Ukraine 13 May 1998[56]
65  Russia 19 October 1999[57]
66  Sri Lanka 27 June 2000[58]
67  New Zealand 2000[59]
68  Fiji 14 March 2002[60]
69  Seychelles 14 March 2002
70  Qatar 31 October 2002
71  Tonga 22 May 2003
72  Bahrain 9 September 2005
73  United Arab Emirates 2 November 2005[61][62]
74  Venezuela 21 September 2006
75  North Macedonia 6 July 2007
76  Paraguay 3 April 2007[63]
77  North Korea 20 September 2007
78  Costa Rica 24 September 2007
79  Dominican Republic 10 October 2007[64]
80  Yemen 21 October 2009[65]
81  Bosnia and Herzegovina 25 November 2009
82  Azerbaijan 7 January 2010[66]
—  State of Palestine 3 November 2010[67]
83  Bhutan 21 August 2012
84  Montenegro 27 February 2013
85  Oman 18 March 2013[68]
86  Moldova 21 March 2013
87  Armenia 3 May 2013
88  Vietnam 29 May 2013
89  Suriname 7 June 2013
90  Rwanda 30 August 2014[69]
91  Equatorial Guinea 19 February 2015[70]
92  Saudi Arabia 30 March 2015
93  Madagascar 21 October 2015[71][72]
94  Kazakhstan 16 May 2016
95  Georgia 20 May 2016
96  Eritrea 30 March 2017[73]
97  Mauritania 22 March 2018[74]
98  Sudan 27 March 2018[75]
99  Saint Kitts and Nevis 7 June 2018[76]
100  Tajikistan 12 November 2018
101  Latvia 16 November 2018
102  Estonia 21 November 2018
103  Mongolia 21 November 2018
104  Croatia 5 April 2019
105  Marshall Islands 11 April 2019[77]
106    Nepal 9 May 2019
107  Ireland 8 August 2019[78][79]
108  Nicaragua 17 September 2019
109  Maldives 15 December 2020
110  Lithuania 1 April 2021
111  Burundi 4 August 2022[80]
112  Belarus 4 June 2024[81]
113  Algeria Unknown
114  Bangladesh Unknown
115  Benin Unknown
116  Brunei Unknown
117  Burkina Faso Unknown
118  Republic of the Congo Unknown
119  Cyprus Unknown
120  Gabon Unknown
121  Ghana Unknown
122  Greece Unknown
123  Iran Unknown
124  Italy Unknown
125  Ivory Coast Unknown
126  Liberia Unknown
127  Libya Unknown
128  Luxembourg Unknown
129  Malawi Unknown
130  Mali Unknown
131  Pakistan Unknown
132  Senegal Unknown
133  Sierra Leone Unknown
134  Trinidad and Tobago Unknown
135  Tunisia Unknown

Bilateral relations

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Canada 10 February 1969
 Republic of China (Taiwan) 16 September 1968 See Eswatini–Taiwan relations

Eswatini established diplomatic relations with the Republic of China (ROC) commonly known as "Taiwan", on 16 September 1968. Eswatini has an embassy in Taipei and ROC has an embassy in Mbabane. As of 2018, it is last African country to recognize the ROC instead of the PRC as the sole representative of "China".

 Cyprus
 Greece
  • Greece is represented in Eswatini via parallel accreditation of its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.[86]
  • Eswatini is represented in Greece through its embassy in London.[86]
 Japan 21 May 1971
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 May 1971.
  • Japan is represented in Eswatini via parallel accreditation of its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.[87]
 Mexico 23 December 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 December 1975.
  • Eswatini is accredited to Mexico from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City.
  • Mexico is accredited to Eswatini from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
 Namibia 28 February 1992 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 February 1992.
  • Eswatini is accredited to Namibia from its High Commission in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Namibia is accredited to Eswatini from its High Commission in Pretoria, South Africa.
 Serbia 1 June 1990
  • Both countries have established diplomatic relations on 1 June 1990.
  • A number of bilateral agreements have been concluded and are in force between both countries.[88]
 South Africa 1 October 1993 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1993.
  • South Africa has a High Commission in Mbabane.
  • Eswatini has a High Commission in Pretoria.
 Turkey 20 January 1981
 United Kingdom 6 September 1968 Eswatini established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 6 September 1968.[2]

The UK governed Eswatini from 1903 to 1968, when it achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth and the World Trade Organization, as well as the SACUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.[91] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.[92]

 United States 6 September 1968 See Eswatini–United States relations
The Eswatini embassy in Washington, D.C., USA.

The United States assists Eswatini with a number of HIV/AIDS initiatives and programs implemented through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the Peace Corps, African Development Foundation, the Department of Labor, and the Department of Defense. In addition, the U.S. supports small enterprise development, education, military training, institutional and human resources development, agricultural development, and trade capacity building.

The U.S. is also the largest bilateral donor to the Global Fund, Eswatini's principal HIV/AIDS funding source. The U.S. Government sends about 4 Swazi professionals to the United States each year, from both the public and private sectors, primarily for master's degrees, and about 5 others for three- to four-week International Visitor programs.

  • Eswatini has an embassy in Washington, D.C.
  • United States has an embassy in Mbabane.

Swaziland embassies, High Commissions, and consulates abroad

[edit]

Foreign embassies, High Commissions, and consulates in Eswatini

[edit]
Republic of China (Taiwan) Embassy in Eswatini

Eswatini and the Commonwealth of Nations

[edit]

Eswatini was a British protectorate until 1968, when it became an independent native monarchy within the Commonwealth of Nations, when the then Paramount Chief of Swaziland, Sobhuza II became King of Swaziland.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Diplomatic relations between Eswatini and ..." United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
  2. ^ a b Great Britain. Diplomatic Service Administration Office. (1970). The Diplomatic Service List. H.M. Stationery Office. pp. 136–149.
  3. ^ "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Eswatini (Swaziland)". Office of The Historian. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  4. ^ "Relações Diplomáticas". portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt (in Portuguese). Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  5. ^ "R.O.C. (Taiwan) Ambassador reiterates robust friendship and cooperation between Taiwan and Eswatini". Embassy of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in the Kingdom of Eswatini. 20 September 2018. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  6. ^ "Israel's Diplomatic Missions Abroad: Status of relations". Archived from the original on 2016-04-20. Retrieved 2014-07-28.
  7. ^ "Overview". mofa.go.kr. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  8. ^ "Eswatini: Steckbrief". Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  9. ^ "2.05.262 Inventaris van het archief van de Nederlandse Ambassade in het Verenigd Koninkrijk, 1955-1974" (in Dutch). p. 26. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
  10. ^ Linwood, DeLong (January 2020). "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019". Retrieved 26 June 2023.
  11. ^ "Aufnahme der diplomatischen Beziehungen mit Swaziland". dodis.ch (in German). Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  12. ^ Belgisch staatsblad Issues 212-231 (in French and Dutch). 1969. p. 11239.
  13. ^ "Liste Chronologique des Ambassadeurs, Envoyés Extraordinaires, Ministres Plénipotentiaires et Chargés D'Affaires de France à L'Étranger Depuis 1945" (PDF). Diplomatie.gouv.fr (in French). Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  14. ^ Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1970. p. 1751.
  15. ^ Österreichische Zeitschrift Für Aussenpolitik Volumes 10-11 (in German). W. Braumüller. 1970. p. 398. Der Missionschef in Pretoria, a. o. und bev. Botschafter Dr. Paul Zedwitz, in Mbabane als a. o. und bev. Botschafter in Swaziland;
  16. ^ "India-Eswatini Bilateral Relations" (PDF). mea.gov.in. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  17. ^ Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1971. p. 1982.
  18. ^ List of Diplomatic, Consular, and Trade Missions and International Organisations. Zambia. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1971. p. 5.
  19. ^ "The Kingdom of Eswatini today held a virtual celebration of 50 years of Diplomatic relations with Japan".
  20. ^ High Commissioner to Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland. Australian foreign affairs record.Vol. 44 No. 7 (July 1973). Trove. p. 488. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  21. ^ D.G. Lavroff (1973). L'Afrique dans le monde (in French). Editions A. Pedone. p. 663. 13 octobre. — Etablissement de relations diplomatiques entre le Swaziland et le Nigeria.
  22. ^ Summary of World Broadcasts Non-Arab Africa · Issues 4412-4487. British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. 1973. p. 6. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  23. ^ Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish). Almqvist & Wiksells. 1975. p. 422. Envoye (även anställd i Lesotho och Swaziland) Westerberg, Erik Osvald Lennart, Fil.o.Pol.M.,17; 73
  24. ^ Diplomatic and Consular List. Uganda. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1966. p. 4.
  25. ^ Diplomatic Missions, Consular Missions, Trade and International Organizations. Tanzania. Protocol Division. 1976. p. 2. Swaziland H.E. MR. S.M. Kunene 20.2.74
  26. ^ "Biblioteca Digital de Tratados" (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 June 2023.
  27. ^ Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Greenwood Publishing Group. 1999. p. 217.
  28. ^ "Nombramientos Diplomaticos De Reciente Ingreso Al Senado De La Republica En Africa, El Caribe Y Europa" (PDF) (in Spanish). p. 10. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  29. ^ Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Greenwood Publishing Group. 1999. p. 131.
  30. ^ Directory of the Diplomatic Corps and International Organizations. Botswana, Botswana. Office of the President. External Affairs. 1978. p. 3.
  31. ^ The Europa year book 1977 : a world survey. 2. Europa Publications Limited. 1977. p. 1556.
  32. ^ "CRIA A EMBAIXADA DO BRASIL NO REINO DA SUAZILANDIA. DECRETO Nº 81.808 DE 23 DE JUNHO DE 1978". legislacao.presidencia.gov.br (in Portuguese). Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  33. ^ Africa Contemporary Record: Annual Survey and Documents · Volume 11. Africana Publishing Company. 1980. p. 966. Swaziland ... when the Zaire ambassador , Bande Larity , presented his credentials in June 1978 ...
  34. ^ "Relaciones político-económicas entre Chile y el continente africano".
  35. ^ "Relaciones diplomáticas del Estado Espaniol" (in Spanish). p. 307. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  36. ^ The Malta Year Book. St. Michael's College Publications. 1984. p. 105.
  37. ^ Sub-Saharan Africa Report No. 2539. United States Joint Publications Research Service. 15 December 1981. p. 172. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
  38. ^ "Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater" (PDF). regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved 18 October 2021.
  39. ^ Foreign Affairs Malaysia, 20–21. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Information Division. 1987. p. 80.
  40. ^ Kalley, Jacqueline Audrey; Schoeman, Elna; Andor, Lydia Eve (1999). Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 47.
  41. ^ "Finland and Eswatini". Finland Abroad. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  42. ^ "Diplomatic Relations of Romania". Ministerul Afacerilor Externe. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  43. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรสวาซิแลนด์". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Thailand (in Thai). Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  44. ^ "Swaziland: Capaian Hubungan Bilateral". Kedutaan besar Republik Indonesia Pretoria, Afrika Selatan (in Indonesian). Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  45. ^ "LIST OF MEMBER STATES OF THE UNITED NATIONS (193) HAVING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH CAMBODIA". mfaic.gov.kh. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
  46. ^ "Diplomatic relations of the Holy See". Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  47. ^ "Diplomatic & consular list". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
  48. ^ "Štáty a teritóriá" (in Slovak). Retrieved 26 May 2023.
  49. ^ "Bilateral Relations (country profiles listed alphabetically)". Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  50. ^ "Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005)" (in Bulgarian).
  51. ^ "Cuba y Swatini (MFA Cuba in Spanish)".
  52. ^ FBIS Daily Report Sub-Saharan Africa. United States Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 22 May 1996. p. 15. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
  53. ^ "Bilateral relations between Morocco and Eswatini (Embassy of Morocco in South Africa)".
  54. ^ "The Copenhagen List - October 2004" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 July 2005. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  55. ^ "Non-Resident Diplomatic Missions Accredited to Mauritius". Archived from the original on 20 April 2006. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
  56. ^ "Middle East and Africa". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
  57. ^ "Свазиленд / Участие в международных организациях, основные внешнеполитические контрагенты и партнёры, отношения с Россией" (in Russian). Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  58. ^ "Diplomatic relations". Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  59. ^ "New Zealand Heads of Overseas Missions". New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Trade. Archived from the original on 21 January 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  60. ^ "Formal diplomatic relations list" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  61. ^ "التوقيع على بيان اقامة علاقات دبلوماسية بين دولة الامارات ومملكة". Emirates News Agency - WAM (in Arabic). 3 November 2005. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  62. ^ "Etablissement de relations diplomatiques entre les Emirats Arabes Unis et le Swaziland". Map Archives Agence Marocaine de Presse (in French). Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  63. ^ "Boletin de prensa" (in Spanish). 22 June 2007. Archived from the original on 24 August 2007. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  64. ^ "ESTABLECIMIENTO DE RELACIONES DIPLOMÁTICAS" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 4 October 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  65. ^ "Swaziland King leaves Yemen". 24 October 2009. Archived from the original on 20 March 2019.
  66. ^ "The Kingdom of Eswatini". Republic of Azerbaijan Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  67. ^ Palestinian National Authority. السفير عبد الجواد يقدم نسخة من أوراق اعتماده لوزير خارجية مملكة سوازيلاند (in Arabic). Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 4 August 2012. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
  68. ^ Joseph A. Kechichian. "Countries with which Oman has diplomatic relations" (PDF). Oman and the World The emergence of an independent foreign policy. pp. 319–322. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  69. ^ "Envoy Karega Presents Credentials to King of Swaziland". 30 August 2014. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  70. ^ "Presentación de cartas credenciales al Presidente de la República".
  71. ^ "Revue de la Présidence de la République de Madagascar - Octobre 2015". presidence.gov.mg (in French). 30 June 2016. p. 19. Retrieved 28 July 2023.
  72. ^ "Lettres de creances: les nouveaux ambassadeurs du Mexique, dela Colombie, du Swaziland, et du Venezuela a Iavoloha". presidence.gov.mg (in French). 21 October 2015. Archived from the original on 29 October 2015. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
  73. ^ "Ambassador Saleh Presents Credentials". Ministry of Information Eritrea. 4 April 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
  74. ^ "L'ambassadeur de Mauritanie au Swaziland présente ses lettres de créance au Roi Mswati III". Agence Mauritanienne d'information (in French). 24 March 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  75. ^ "Sudan: New Sudan Ambassador Hands Over His Credentials to King of Swaziland". allAfrica. 27 March 2018. Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
  76. ^ "Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Saint Kitts and Nevis. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
  77. ^ "Marshall Islands opens diplomatic ties with eSwatini". Radio New Zealand. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  78. ^ "Global Ireland: Ireland in Mozambique Mission Strategy 2020–2024" (PDF). p. 4. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
  79. ^ "Congratulations to our Ambassador, Nuala O'Brien, who today presented credentials to King Mswati III of the Kingdom of Eswatini 🇮🇪🇸🇿Proud to be #Working4IRL". Ireland in Mozambique on X. 8 August 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
  80. ^ "His Majesty King Mswati III welcomes Sweden and Burundi's Ambassadors". eswatinipositivenews.com. 5 August 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
  81. ^ "Belarus, Eswatini establish diplomatic relations". belta.by. 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  82. ^ a b Government of Canada, Foreign Affairs Trade and Development Canada (25 November 2008). "Canada-Swaziland Relations". GAC. Archived from the original on 22 December 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  83. ^ "MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS - Bilateral Relations". www.mfa.gov.cy. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  84. ^ "MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS - Honorary Consular Officers of the Republic of Cyprus". www.mfa.gov.cy. Archived from the original on 13 January 2017. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  85. ^ "MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS - Foreign Diplomatic Missions in Cyprus – International Organizations". www.mfa.gov.cy. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  86. ^ a b "Greece's Bilateral Relations". www.mfa.gr. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  87. ^ "Embassy of Japan in Swaziland". www.za.emb-japan.go.jp. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  88. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-02-15. Retrieved 2016-12-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  89. ^ a b c "Relations between Turkey and Eswatini".
  90. ^ "British High Commission Mbabane". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
  91. ^ Bavier, Joe (11 September 2019). "Britain agrees post-Brexit trade deal with southern Africa". Reuters. Archived from the original on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  92. ^ "Eswatini - United Kingdom BIT (1995)". UN Trade and Development. Archived from the original on 6 June 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Eswatini&oldid=1242579996"