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List of ruling political parties by country

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This is a list of ruling political parties by country, in the form of a table with a link to an overview of political parties in each country and showing which party system is dominant in each country. A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. Individual parties are properly listed in separate articles under each nation.

The ruling party in a parliamentary system is the political party or coalition of the majority in parliament. It generally forms the central government.

Table

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A

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Afghanistan One-party[a] Taliban
No parliamentary opposition 		None; see 2021 takeover
 Abkhazia Multi-party Independents, Amtsakhara
Aitaira 		2022 (parliament)
 Åland Multi-party Centre, Moderate Coalition, ObS, Sustainable Initiative
Liberals, Social Democrats, Future of Åland, Ålandic Democracy[3] 		2019 (legislative)
 Albania Multi-party Socialist Party of Albania, PSD
PD – Alliance for Change (PD, PR, PDIU, PAA, PLL, LZHK, PBDNJ), PL 		2021 (parliament)
 Alderney Non-partisan Independents
No parliamentary opposition 		2022 (general)
 Algeria Multi-party National Liberation Front, RND, Future Front, El-Bina
MSP, LP[disambiguation needed], FBG, FDJ, EFED, PLJ, Jil Jadid, FAN, El Karama, FNA, FFS 		2021 (legislative)
2019 (presidential)
 Andorra Multi-party Democrats for Andorra, Committed Citizens, Action for Andorra
Concord, Social Democratic Party–Progressives, Andorra Forward 		2023 (parliament)
 Angola Dominant-party People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola
UNITA, PRS, FNLA, PHA 		2022 (general)
 Anguilla Two-party Anguilla Progressive Movement
Anguilla United Front 		2020 (general)
Dominant-party Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party
United Progressive Party, Barbuda People's Movement 		2023 (general)
 Argentina Multi-party Frente de Todos (PJ, FR, Federal Commitment), SER, MPN
JxC (PRO, UCR), Federal Peronists (CF, VcV, PDC, PS, 3P), FIT-U (PO, PTS), AL-LA 		2023 (general)
2021 (legislative)
 Armenia Multi-party Civil Contract, United Labour Party
HD (ARF, Reborn Armenia, One Armenia), I Have Honor Alliance (RPA, Homeland) 		2021 (parliament)
 Aruba Multi-party People's Electoral Movement, RAIZ
AVP, Aruban Sovereignty Movement, RED, Accion 21 		2021 (general)
 Ascension Non-partisan Independents
No parliamentary opposition 		2022 (general)
 Australia Multi-party Labor Party
Coalition (LP, NP) (opposition), Greens, Centre Alliance, KAP, One Nation, JLN 		2022 (federal)
 Austria Multi-party Austrian People's Party, The Greens
Social Democratic Party, Freedom Party, NEOS 		2019 (legislative)
 Azerbaijan Dominant-party New Azerbaijan Party, VHP, ADMP, VBP, AVP, BQP, Unity Party, MCP
DİP, REAL, BACXP 		2024 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)

B

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Bahamas Two-party Progressive Liberal Party
Free National Movement 		2021 (general)
 Bahrain Dominant-party Pro-monarchy independents, Al Rabitah, Gathering of National Unity
Progressive Democratic Tribune 		2022 (general)
 Bangladesh Interim government Independent, Non partisian government 2024 (general)
 Barbados Two-party Barbados Labour Party
Democratic Labour Party 		2022 (general)
 Belarus Dominant-party Belaya Rus, Independents, Communist Party, RPTS
LDPB[b] 		2019 (parliament)
 Belgium Multi-party PS, MR, Ecolo, CD&V, Open Vld, Groen, Vooruit
N-VA, Vlaams Belang, PTB/PVDA, Les Engagés, DéFI 		2019 (general)
 Flanders Multi-party N-VA, CD&V, Open Vld
Vooruit, Groen, Vlaams Belang, PTB/PVDA 		2019 (parliament)
 Wallonia Multi-party PS, MR, Ecolo
PTB/PVDA, Les Engagés 		2019 (parliament)
 Brussels Multi-party PS, Ecolo, DéFI, Groen, Open Vld, Vooruit
MR, PTB/PVDA, LE, DierAnimal, N-VA, VB, CD&V, Agora 		2019 (parliament)
 Belize Two-party People's United Party
United Democratic Party 		2020 (general)
 Benin Multi-party Progressive Union for Renewal, Republican Bloc
The Democrats 		2021 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
 Bermuda Two-party Progressive Labour Party
One Bermuda Alliance 		2020 (general)
 Bhutan Two-party People's Democratic Party
Bhutan Tendrel Party 		2023–24 (legislative)
 Bolivia Multi-party Movement for Socialism
Civic Community (FRI), Creemos (PDC, UCS) 		2020 (general)
 Bonaire Multi-party Bonaire People's Movement
Bonaire Democratic Party, Bonaire Patriotic Union 		2019 (general)
Multi-party SNSD, HDZ BiH, NiP, SDP BiH, DNS, NS, ZNG, DEMOS, US, BHI KF
SDA, DF-Civic Alliance, SDS, PDP, NES, ZPR 		2022 (general)
 Botswana Dominant-party Botswana Democratic Party
UDC (opposition), Botswana Patriotic Front, Alliance for Progressives 		2019 (general)
 Brazil Multi-party Brazil of Hope, PSD, MDB, PDT, PSB, PSOL-REDE, Avante, Solidarity
PL, Brazil Union, PP, Republicans, PSDB-Cidadania, Podemos, PRD, NOVO 		2022 (general)
 Brunei One-party Independents
No parliamentary opposition 		No elections
 Bulgaria Multi-party GERB–SDS, PP–DB
Revival, DPS, BSP for Bulgaria, ITN 		2021 (general)
2023 (legislative)
Military junta MPSR (civilian government suspended) 2022 coups d'état
 Burundi Dominant-party National Council for the Defense of Democracy
National Congress for Liberty, Union for National Progress 		2020 (general)

C

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Cambodia Dominant-party Cambodian People's Party
FUNCINPEC 		2023 (parliament)
 Cameroon Dominant-party Cameroon People's Democratic Movement
UNDP, SDF, CPNR, Cameroon Democratic Union, FNSC, MDR, USM 		2020 (parliament)
 Canada Multi-party Liberal Party (minority), New Democratic Party
Conservative Party (main opposition), Bloc Québécois, Green Party 		2021 (federal)
 Cape Verde Multi-party Movement for Democracy
PAICV (president's party), UCID 		2021 (presidential)
2021 (parliament)
 Cayman Islands Two-party Independents
People's Progressive Movement 		2021 (general)
Multi-party United Hearts Movement
Kwa Na Kwa, URCA, MLPC, MOUNI, RDC and others 		2020-21 (general)
 Chad Military junta National Transitional Council (no parliamentary opposition) 2021 coup d'état
 Chile Multi-party AD (PC, CS, RD, Comunes, AH, FREVS), SD (PS, PPD, PL, PR)
Chile Vamos (RN, UDI, Evópoli), PLR, PSC, PDC, PDG, AxCh, Democrats 		2021 (general)
 China (PRC) One-party Chinese Communist Party, minor parties (JS, CAPD, CDL, CNDCA, CPWDP, RCCK, CZGP, TDSL) 2023 (congressional)
 Hong Kong Dominant-party Pro-Beijing camp (DAB, FTU, BPA, NPP, LP, FEW, FLU, Roundtable, PP, KWND, NP, NCF)
Third Side, Pro-democracy camp 		2021 (legislative)
2023 (local)
 Macau Dominant-party Pro-Beijing camp (ACUM, UPD, UMG, UPP, ABL)
Pro-democracy camp (NE), Synergy Power 		2021 (legislative)
 Colombia Multi-party PHxC, PLC, AV, Colombia Reborn, ASI, Citizen Force, Commons
CD, CR, LIGA, PVO, MIRA, PCC, PSUN, MSN, CJL 		2022 (legislative)
2022 (presidential)
 Comoros Dominant-party Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros
Orange Party 		2020 (legislative)
 Congo Dominant-party Congolese Party of Labour, MAR, RDPS
UPADS, UDH-Yuki, MAR, PRL, Club 2002, DRD, RDPS, APC, MUST, MDC, CPR, URDP, RC, MCDDI 		2021 (presidential)
2022 (parliament)
 DR Congo Multi-party President: UDPS; Parliament: Common Front for Congo
Parliamentary opposition: Lamuka, Heading for Change 		2018 (general)
2019 (senate)
Multi-party Cook Islands Party, Pro-government independents
Democratic Party, Cook Islands United Party, One Cook Islands Movement 		2022 (general)
 Costa Rica Multi-party Social Democratic Progress Party (minority)
PLN, PUSC, PNR, PLP, Broad Front 		2022 (general)
 Croatia Multi-party Croatian Democratic Union, DP, HDS, HSLS, HNS-LD, HSU
SDP, Most, We can!, SDSS, Centre–NPS, Glas–HSS–DO i SIP, HS–PiP, IDS-DDI, Focus 		2024 (parliament)
 Cuba One-party Communist Party of Cuba 2023 (parliament)
 Curaçao Multi-party MFK, National People's Party
PAR, Partido MAN, Kòrsou Esun Miho, Work for Curaçao 		2021 (general)
 Cyprus Multi-party Democratic Party, Democratic Alignment, EDEK
Democratic Rally, AKEL, ELAM, KOSP 		2023 (presidential)
2021 (legislative)
Multi-party Spolu (ODS, KDU-ČSL, TOP 09), PaS (STAN, Pirates)
ANO 2011, Freedom and Direct Democracy 		2021 (legislative)
2023 (presidential)

D

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Denmark Multi-party Social Democrats, Venstre, Moderates, Union Party, JF, Siumut, IA
Green Left, DD, Liberals, DKF, EL, RV, ALT, NB, DF 		2022 (general)
 Djibouti Dominant-party Union for the Presidential Majority (RPP, FRUD, PND, PSD, UPR)
UDJ 		2021 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
 Dominica Dominant-party Dominica Labour Party
No parliamentary opposition, Team Unity Dominica, United Workers' Party 		2022 (general)
Multi-party PRM, FA, APD, DxC, PHD, BIS, PRSD, PQDC, PCR
Dominican Liberation Party, FP, PRSC, PRD, ALPAÍS, PLR 		2024 (general)

E

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 East Timor Multi-party National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction, Democratic Party
FRETILIN, KHUNTO, People's Liberation Party 		2023 (parliament)
2022 (presidential)
 Ecuador Multi-party CREO, PSE, MC, MEU, Avanza, PSP, MDS, UE, MC25, Pachakutik, ID
Union for Hope (Citizen Revolution, CD), Social Christian Party 		2021 (general)
 Egypt Dominant-party Independents, Nation's Future Party, RPP, New Wafd, HDP, MEP, SDP
CDM (RDP, ESDP, Justice) Tagammu, Conference, EFP, Al-Nour, EPM, EGP 		2023 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
 El Salvador Multi-party Nuevas Ideas, GANA, PCN, PDC
ARENA, FMLN, Nuestro Tiempo, Vamos 		2024 (presidential)
2024 (legislative)
 Equatorial Guinea Dominant-party Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea
No parliamentary opposition, Convergence for Social Democracy 		2022 (general)
 Eritrea One-party People's Front for Democracy and Justice Elections postponed
 Estonia Multi-party Reform Party, Estonia 200, Social Democratic Party
Conservative People's Party, Centre Party, Isamaa 		2023 (parliament)
 Eswatini Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2018 (general)
 Ethiopia Dominant-party Prosperity Party
NaMA, EZEMA, Gedeo People's Democratic Organization 		2021 (general)
 European Union Multi-party EPP, PES, ALDE
ECR, Patriots.eu, EGP, ESN, ELA, EDP, EFA, PEL, ECPM 		2024 (parliament)

F

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Falkland Islands Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2021 (general)
 Faroe Islands Multi-party Social Democratic Party, Republic, Progress
Union Party, People's Party, Centre Party 		2022 (general)
 Fiji Multi-party People's Alliance, National Federation Party, SODELPA
FijiFirst 		2022 (general)
 Finland Multi-party National Coalition, Finns Party, Christian Democrats, Swedish People's Party
SDP, Centre Party, The Greens, Left Alliance, Movement Now 		2023 (parliament)
2024 (presidential)
 France Multi-party RE, MoDem, HOR, MR (minority)
RN, LFI, LR, PS, EELV, PCF, DLF, REC 		2022 (presidential)
2022 (legislative)
 French Guiana Multi-party DVG, Péyi Guyane, La France Insoumise, MDES, Socialist Party
DVC, Guiana Rally, The Republicans 		2021 (regional)
 French Polynesia Multi-party Tāvini Huiraʻatira
Tapura Huiraatira, A here ia Porinetia, ʻĀmuitahiraʻa 		2023 (legislative)

G

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other Parties		 Last election
 Gabon Military junta CTRI (civilian government suspended) 2023 coup d'état
 Gambia Multi-party National People's Party, National Reconciliation Party, APRC
United Democratic Party, PDOIS 		2021 (presidential)
2022 (parliament)
 Georgia Multi-party Georgian Dream, People's Power
Strength Is in Unity (UNM, PdT), For Georgia, Girchi, ES, Strategy Builder, Lelo, Citizens, SRP, KdS, SK, EDP 		2020 (parliament)
 Germany Multi-party Social Democratic Party, A90/Greens, Free Democratic Party
Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU/CSU), AfD, The Left 		2021 (federal)
 Ghana Two-party New Patriotic Party
National Democratic Congress 		2020 (general)
 Gibraltar Multi-party GSLP–Liberal Alliance (GSLP, LPG)
Gibraltar Social Democrats, Together Gibraltar 		2023 (general)
 Greece Multi-party New Democracy
Syriza, PASOK-KINAL (PASOK, KIDISO), KKE, Greek Solution, Spartans, Victory, Course of Freedom 		2023 (legislative)
 Greenland Multi-party Inuit Ataqatigiit, Naleraq, Atassut
Siumut, Democrats 		2021 (general)
 Grenada Two-party National Democratic Congress
New National Party 		2022 (general)
 Guadeloupe Multi-party GUSR, DVC
Plural Left 		2021 (regional)
 Guatemala Multi-party Semilla, Winaq-URNG
Vamos, UNE, Cabal, ViVa, Valor, VOS, Todos, PPN, BIEN, Victoria, PA, CE, CREO, Cambio 		2023 (general)
 Guernsey Multi-party Independents
Future Guernsey, Guernsey Party 		2020 (general)
 Guinea Military junta CNRD (civilian government suspended) 2021 coup d'état
 Guinea-Bissau Multi-party PAI–Terra Ranka (PAIGC and others), PRS, PTG
Madem G15 (president's party), Assembly of the People United 		2019 (presidential)
2023 (legislative)
 Guyana Multi-party People's Progressive Party
People's National Congress (APNU, AFC) (official opposition), LJP–ANUG–TNM 		2020 (legislative)

H

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Haiti Multi-party Non-partisan acting government
Parliament dissolved; PHTK, Inite, Haiti in Action, OPL, RDNP, FL, Renmen, PPD, UNCRH, PFSDH 		2016–17 (senate)
2016 (presidential)
 Honduras Multi-party Libre, Savior Party of Honduras, PINU, Christian Democratic Party
National Party, Liberal Party, Anti-Corruption Party 		2021 (general)
 Hungary Dominant-party Fidesz–KDNP (Fidesz, KDNP), LdU
United for Hungary (DK, Momentum, MSZP, Jobbik, Dialogue, LMP, MMM), MHM 		2022 (parliament)

I

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Iceland Multi-party Independence Party, Progressive Party, Left-Green Movement
Samfylkingin, People's Party, Pirate Party, Liberal Reform Party, Centre Party 		2021 (parliament)
2020 (presidential)
 India Multi-party NDA (BJP, TDP, JDU, JSP, SHS, RJLP, AD(S), AJSU, NDPP, NPP, NPF, MNF, SKM, JD(S), AGP)
INDI Alliance (INC, DMK, AITC, AAP, CPI(M), SS(UBT), NCP (SP), RJD, JKNC, IUML, JMM, SP, CPI, RSP, VCK, KC(M))
Others (YSRCP, BJD, BSP, BRS, SAD, AIMIM, AIUDF, RLP, AIADMK) 		2024 (general)
 Indonesia Multi-party KIM Plus (Gerindra, Golkar, PKB, PAN, Demokrat), PDI-P, NasDem, PKS 2024 (general)
 Iran Dominant-party[c] Principlists (SHANA, Stability Front, Jusice Seekers)
Reformists (MDP, ECP), independents 		2021 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)
 Iraq Multi-party Takadum, State of Law, PDK, Fatah, PUK, Azem, Victory Alliance, Babylon Movement
Emtidad, Naway Nwe, Tasmim, National Contract, Ishraq Kanoon, NPI, MDR, others 		2021 (parliament)
 Kurdistan Multi-party Kurdistan Democratic Party, Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
Gorran, Naway Nwe, Kurdistan Justice Group, Yekgirtû 		2018 (parliament)
 Ireland Multi-party Fianna Fáil, Fine Gael, Green Party
Sinn Féin, Labour Party, Social Democrats, PBP–S, Aontú, Right to Change 		2020 (general)
 Isle of Man Multi-party Independents
Labour Party, Liberal Vannin Party 		2021 (general)
 Israel Multi-party Likud, National Unity (Resilience, New Hope), Shas, UTJ, Mafdal, Otzma, Noam
Yesh Atid, Yisrael Beiteinu, Ra'am, Hadash, Labor, Ta'al 		2022 (legislative)
 Italy Multi-party Brothers of Italy, League, Forza Italia, Us Moderates, MAIE
PD–IDP (PD, Art. 1, DemoS, CD), MS5, A–IV, AVS, +E, SVP, UV 		2022 (general)
 Ivory Coast Dominant-party Rally of Houphouëtists for Democracy and Peace (RDR)
PDCI-RDA, Together for Democracy and Sovereignty, UDPCI, FPI 		2021 (parliament)

J

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Jamaica Two-party Jamaica Labour Party
People's National Party 		2020 (general)
 Japan Multi-party Liberal Democratic Party, Komeito
Constitutional Democratic Party, Ishin, DPFP, Reiwa Shinsengumi, Communist Party, Conservative Party, Sanseitō, SDP 		2024 (general)
2022 (upper house)
 Jersey Multi-party[d] Independents
Reform Jersey, Jersey Liberal Conservatives, Progress Party 		2022 (general)
 Jordan Dominant-party[e] Pro-monarchy independents, Progress Party, Charter Party, Eradeh Party
Islamic Action Front, Islamic Centre Party 		2024 (general)

K

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Kazakhstan Dominant-party Amanat
Auyl, Respublica, Aq Jol, People's Party, JSDP 		2022 (presidential)
2023 (legislative)
 Kenya Multi-party Kenya Kwanza (UDA, ANC, UDM, FORD–K, PAA, MCC, UPIA, TSP, CCK, DP, MDG, GDDP, NAP, NOPEU)
Azimio (ODM, Jubilee, WDM-K, DAP-K, KANU, KUP, UPA, UDP) 		2022 (general)
 Kiribati Two-party Tobwaan Kiribati Party
Boutokaan Kiribati Moa Party 		2020 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
 Korea (DPRK) One-party Workers' Party of Korea, other minor parties (KSDP, Chondoist Chongu Party) 2019 (parliament)
 Korea (ROK) Multi-party People Power Party
Democratic Party, Justice Party, Basic Income Party, Transition Korea 		2022 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)
 Kuwait Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2024 (general)
 Kyrgyzstan Multi-party Mekenchil, Ata-Jurt Kyrgyzstan, Ishenim, Yntymak
Eldik, Alliance, United Kyrgyzstan, Light of Faith, SDK, Afghans' Party 		2021 (presidential)
2021 (parliament)
 Kosovo Multi-party LVV, Guxo, KDTP, NDS, IRDK, Vakat, LPRK, SDU, PAI
PDK, LDK, Serb List, AAK, JGP, RI 		2021 (parliament)

L

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Laos One-party Lao People's Revolutionary Party 2021 (parliament)
 Latvia Multi-party New Unity (Unity), United List (LRA, LZP, LP), NA
ZZS (LZS, LSDSP, LuV), For Stability!, The Progressives, LPV 		2022 (parliament)
 Lebanon Multi-party Acting gov't: FPM, Amal, Hezbollah, PSP, Marada, ARF, Al-Ahbash, Ba'ath, UP, JI
LF, Kataeb, Taqaddom, Al Haraka, Tahalof Watani, ReLebanon, Khatt Ahmar, Lana, Osos, NDP, PNO 		2022 (general)
 Lesotho Multi-party Revolution for Prosperity, Alliance of Democrats, MEC
DC, ABC, BAP, LCD, SR, BNP, PFD, BCM, MPS, NIP, HOPE 		2022 (general)
 Liberia Two-party Coalition for Democratic Change (CDC, NPP)
UP (main opposition), LP, ANC, PUP, ALP, MEE, MDR, LTP, UPP, VCP, LPP, LINU 		2023 (general)
 Libya Non-partisan Government of National Unity, Government of National Stability
Independents 		2014 (parliament)
 Liechtenstein Multi-party Patriotic Union, Progressive Citizens' Party
Free List, Democrats for Liechtenstein 		2021 (general)
 Lithuania Multi-party Homeland Union, Liberal Movement, Freedom Party
LVŽS, DSVL, LSDP, DP, LLRA–KŠS, LRP, NA, LKDP 		2020 (parliament)
2019 (presidential)
 Luxembourg Multi-party CSV, Democratic Party
LSAP, ADR,The Greens, Pirate Party, The Left 		2023 (general)

M

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Madagascar Multi-party Young Malagasies Determined, Freedom, ADN
Tiako I Madagasikara, independents, RPSD-Vaovao, MTS, GJPS, MDM, MATITA, Malagasy Miara Miainga 		2023 (presidential)
2019 (parliament)
 Malawi Multi-party Malawi Congress Party, UTM, independents
DPP, UDF, People's Party, Alliance for Democracy 		2020 (presidential)
 Malaysia Multi-party PH (PKR, DAP, Amanah, UPKO), BN (UMNO, MCA, MIC, PBRS), GPS (PBB, PRS, PDP, SUPP), GRS (PBS, STAR), Warisan, KDM, PBM
PN (PAS, BERSATU, GERAKAN), MUDA 		2022 (general)
 Maldives Multi-party Progressive Congress Coalition (PPM, PNC)
MDP, AP, JP, MDA, MTD, MRM, MNP, TD, PNF 		2023 (presidential)

2024 (parliament)

 Mali Military junta Malian Armed Forces (civilian government suspended) 2021 coup d'état
 Malta Two-party Labour Party
Nationalist Party 		2022 (general)
Two-party Independents (Aelon̄ Kein Ad, United Democratic Party) 2023 (general)
 Mauritania Multi-party Equity Party, UDP, Trust (Islah, Karama, HATEM, Vadila, PMM), Justice (AND, NW), HIWAR
Tewassoul, Hope Mauritania, Sawab—RAG, AJD/MR, State of Justice 		2019 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
 Mauritius Multi-party MSM, ML, OPR, MAG, Plateforme Militante
MMM, PMSD, Labour Party 		2019 (general)
 Mayotte Multi-party The Republicans, NÉMA, DVD
MDM, Renaissance, DVC 		2021 (legislative)
 Mexico Multi-party Morena, Green Party, Labor Party
PAN, PRI, Citizens' Movement, PRD 		2024 (general)
2021 (legislative)
 Micronesia Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2023 (parliament)
 Moldova Multi-party Party of Action and Solidarity
Bloc of Communists and Socialists (PSRM, PCRM), ȘOR bloc (de facto), Revival, MAN 		2021 (parliament)
 Monaco Multi-party UNM (Priorité Monaco, Horizon Monaco, Union Monégasque)
No parliamentary opposition; New Ideas for Monaco 		2023 (parliament)
 Mongolia Multi-party Mongolian People's Party
Democratic Party, Right Person Electorate Coalition 		2021 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)
 Montenegro Multi-party PES!, DCG, SNP, Civis, ASh, FORCA, ZBCG (NSD, DNP), UCG
Together! (DPS, SD, UDSh), BS, URA, HGI 		2023 (legislative)
 Montserrat Two-party Movement for Change and Prosperity
People's Democratic Movement 		2019 (general)
 Morocco Multi-party National Rally of Independents, Istiqlal Party, Authenticity and Modernity Party
USFP, Popular Movement, PPS, Constitutional Union, PJD, MDS, FFD, AFG, PSU 		2021 (general)
 Mozambique Dominant-party FRELIMO Party
RENAMO, Democratic Movement 		2019 (general)
 Myanmar Military junta State Administration Council (civilian government suspended) 2021 coup d'état

N

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Namibia Dominant-party SWAPO Party of Namibia
PDM, LPM, NUDO, APP, UDF, Republican Party, NEFF, IPC, RDP, CDV, SWANU 		2019 (general)
 Nauru Multi-party Independents, Nauru First
Opposition independents 		2022 (parliament)
2022 (presidential)
 Nepal Multi-party NC, CPN (UML), PSP, LSP-N, NUP
Socialist Front (CPN (MC), RSP, CPN (US)), PSP-N, Janamat, RJM 		2022 (general)
 Netherlands Multi-party PVV, VVD, NSC, BBB
PvdA, GL, D66, CDA, SP, PvdD, FvD, SGP, DENK, CU, Volt, JA21 		2023 (general)
Multi-party Caledonian Union, FLNKS, L'EO, UNI, LKS, Labour Party
Future with Confidence, Caledonia Together, Generations NC 		2019 (legislative)
 New Zealand Multi-party National Party, ACT New Zealand, New Zealand First
Labour Party (official opposition), Greens, Te Pāti Māori 		2023 (general)
 Nicaragua Dominant-party Sandinista National Liberation Front, YATAMA
Constitutionalist Liberal Party, ALN, PLI, APRE, CCN 		2021 (general)
 Niger Military junta CSNP (civilian government suspended) 2023 coup d'état
 Nigeria Multi-party All Progressives Congress
Peoples Democratic Party (official opposition), YPP, APGA, ADC, PRP 		2023 (general)
 Niue Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2020 (general)
Multi-party We Can (SDSM, NSDP, VMRO–NP, TDP, PDT, POPGM, SSM), DUI, AA, LDP, DPA, DOM
Renewal (VMRO-DPMNE, SPM, DPSM, GROM, ROM), Alternativa, Levica, Besa, DS 		2019 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
Multi-party National Unity Party, Democratic Party, Rebirth Party
Republican Turkish Party, People's Party 		2022 (parliament)
 Norway Multi-party Labour Party, Centre Party
Conservative Party, FrP, SV, Liberal Party, Red Party, KrF, Green Party, Patient Focus 		2021 (parliament)

O

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition Last election
 Oman Non-partisan Independents
No political parties 		2019 (general)

P

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Pakistan Multi-party PML-N, PPP, MQM-P
SIC, PML-Q, JUI-F, NP, PkMAP, BNP, BAP, IPP 		2024 (general)
 Palau Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2020 (general)
 Palestine Multi-party PLO (Fatah, PFLP, DFLP, PPP), National Initiative, Third Way
Hamas (de facto control of the Gaza Strip) 		2006 (legislative)
 Panama Multi-party Democratic Revolutionary Party, MOLIRENA
Democratic Change, Panameñista Party 		2019 (general)
Multi-party Pangu, URP, NA, People's, SDP, PFP, PNGP, ULP, Advance, National, AP, Green, Liberal, MAP, NGP, ODP, PLP, PMC, PPP, PRP, Destiny, THE
People's National Congress Party 		2022 (general)
 Paraguay Multi-party Colorado Party
PLRA, Guasú Front, PPQ, PDP, UNACE, GANAR, Hagamos Party, PEN, MCN 		2023 (general)
 Peru Multi-party Non-partisan government; FP, AP, RP, AvP, APP, PDSP
Free Peru, Magisterial Bloc, Bicentennial Peru, PD, JP, PP 		2021 (general)
2022 crisis
 Philippines Multi-party UniTeam (PFP, Lakas), Nacionalista, NPC, LDP, PDP–Laban, UNA, PMP, NUP, others
TRoPa (Liberal Party, Akbayan), PDSP, Makabayan, PDR, Aksyon, others 		2022 (general)
Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2021 (general)
 Poland Multi-party KO (PO, .N, IPL, PZ, T!DPL, AU), TD (KP, PL2050), The Left (NL), The Left (Razem)
United Right (PiS, SP, Republicans, OdNowa RP), Kukiz'15, Confederation (NN, RN, KKP) 		2020 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
 Portugal Multi-party AD – Democratic Alliance (Social Democratic Party, CDS – People's Party)
Socialist Party, Chega, IL, PCP, Left Bloc, LIVRE, PAN 		2024 (parliament)
2021 (presidential)
 Puerto Rico Two-party Popular Democratic Party
New Progressive Party (governor's party), MVC, PIP, PD 		2020 (general)

Q

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition Last election
 Qatar Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2021 (general)

R

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Romania Multi-party National Coalition for Romania (PSD, PNL), Ethnic minority parties
USR, AUR, UDMR/RMDSZ, FD, REPER, AD, NR, ROASIT 		2019 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)
 Russia Dominant-party United Russia, LDPR, A Just Russia – For Truth, Rodina, Civic Platform
Communist Party, New People, Party of Growth 		2024 (presidential)
2021 (legislative)
 Rwanda Dominant-party Rwandan Patriotic Front
Social Democratic Party, PS-Imberakuri, PL, Democratic Greens 		2017 (presidential)
2018 (parliament)

S

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Saint Helena Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2021 (general)
Multi-party Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party
Concerned Citizens' Movement, People's Labour Party, People's Action Movement 		2022 (general)
 Saint Lucia Two-party Saint Lucia Labour Party
United Workers Party 		2021 (general)
Two-party Archipelago Tomorrow (LR)
Together for the Future (PRG) 		2022 (legislative)
Two-party Unity Labour Party
New Democratic Party 		2020 (general)
 Samoa Two-party Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi, Samoa National Democratic Party
Human Rights Protection Party 		2021 (general)
 San Marino Multi-party Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party, RETE Movement, DML, NplR
Libera, Future Republic		 2019 (general)
Multi-party Independent Democratic Action
MLSTP/PSD, MCI/PS-PUN, Basta 		2021 (presidential)
2022 (legislative)
 Saudi Arabia Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) No elections
 Senegal Dominant-party United in Hope (APR, AFP, PS), Bokk Gis Gis
Liberate the People (PASTEF, PUR, TS), Wallu Sénégal (PDS), MPR, AAR 		2024 (presidential)
2022 (legislative)
 Serbia Dominant-party AV–ZMS (SNS, PSS, SNP, PS, SPO, NSS), SPS–ZS, SDPS, PUPS, SPP–DSHV–USS, JS, VMSZ
PE (SSP, PSG, PZP, Sloga, Fatherland), NADA (NDSS, POKS), DS, Narodna, NPS–EU–NLS, SSZ, Dveri, Together, ZLF 		2023 (legislative)
2022 (general)
 Seychelles Two-party Linyon Demokratik Seselwa (Seychelles National Party, Seychellois Alliance, SPSJD, SUP)
United Seychelles 		2020 (general)
 Sierra Leone Two-party Sierra Leone People's Party
All People's Congress 		2023 (general)
 Singapore Dominant-party People's Action Party
Workers' Party, Progress Singapore Party 		2020 (general)
 Sint Maarten Multi-party National Alliance, United People's Party
USP, Party for Progress, UD 		2020 (general)
 Slovakia Multi-party Smer–SD, Hlas–SD, Slovak National Party
Progressive Slovakia, OĽaNO and Friends, KDH, SASKA 		2023 (parliament)
 Slovenia Multi-party Freedom Movement, Social Democrats, The Left
Slovenian Democratic Party, New Slovenia 		2022 (parliament)
Multi-party Independents, Kadere Party, Democratic Alliance Party, People's Alliance Party
Democratic Party, United Democratic Party, United Party, People First Party, SIPRA 		2019 (general)
 Somalia Multi-party Independents, Forum for National Parties (UPD (president's party))
Tayo 		2022 (presidential)
 Somaliland Multi-party Waddani, Justice and Welfare Party
Kulmiye Peace, Unity, and Development Party (president's party) 		2017 (presidential)
2021 (parliamentary)
 South Africa Multi-party[4] African National Congress, DA, EFF, IFP, FF+, ACDP, UDM, ATM, Good, NFP, AIC, COPE 2024 (general)
 South Ossetia Dominant-party Independents, Nykhaz (president's party)
United Ossetia, People's Party, Unity of the People, Communist Party 		2019 (parliament)
 South Sudan Dominant-party Sudan People's Liberation Movement
SPLM-in-Opposition, South Sudan Opposition Alliance 		2010 (general)
 Spain Multi-party PSOE, Sumar (SMR, IU, Podemos, CatComú, MM, Compromís, CHA, Més), ERC, EH Bildu, EAJ/PNV, Junts, BNG, CCa
People's Party, Vox, UPN 		2023 (general)
 Sri Lanka Multi-party SLPFA (Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna, EPDP, MEP, TMVP), UNP
Samagi Jana Balawegaya, Sri Lanka Freedom Party, ULS, TNA, NPP, TNPF, TPNA 		2024 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
 Sudan Military junta Transitional Sovereignty Council (no parliamentary opposition) Transition to democracy
 Suriname Multi-party VHP, ABOP, National Party of Suriname, Pertjajah Luhur
National Democratic Party, Brotherhood and Unity in Politics 		2020 (general)
 Sweden Multi-party Moderate Party, Christian Democrats, Liberals, Sweden Democrats
Social Democratic Party, Left Party, Centre Party, Green Party 		2022 (general)
 Switzerland Multi-party Swiss People's Party, Social Democrats, FDP.The Liberals, The Centre
Green Party, Green Liberals, Evangelical Party, Federal Democrats, Ticino League, MCG
 Syria Dominant-party NPF (Ba'ath, SSNP, SUP, SCP–B, ASU, SCP–U, NCP, ADU, DSUP)
No parliamentary opposition; Syrian opposition 		2020 (parliament)
2021 (presidential)

T

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Taiwan (Republic of China)[f] Multi-party Democratic Progressive Party
Kuomintang, Taiwan People's Party 		2024 (presidential)
2024 (legislative)
 Tajikistan Dominant-party People's Democratic Party, Agrarian Party, Communist Party
Party of Economic Reforms, Democratic Party, Socialist Party 		2020 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
 Tanzania Dominant-party Chama Cha Mapinduzi
Chadema, Civic United Front, Alliance for Change and Transparency 		2020 (general)
 Zanzibar Dominant-party Chama Cha Mapinduzi
Alliance for Democratic Change, AFP, TADEA 		2020 (general)
 Thailand Multi-party PTP, BJT, PPRP, UTN, Chart Thai Pattana, Prachachat, PTRP, Chart Pattana Kla, TLP, PSMP, Thai Counties,
Move Forward, Democrat, Thai Sang Thai, Fair, NDP, New Party, TTP 		2023 (general)
Tigray Region Dominant-party Tigray People's Liberation Front
National Congress of Great Tigray, TIP, SAWET, ADP 		2020 (parliament)
 Togo Dominant-party Union for the Republic
Union of Forces for Change, NET, MPDD, PDP, MRC 		2020 (presidential)
2018 (parliament)
 Tokelau Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2020 (general)
 Tonga Two-party Independents, Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands, Tongan nobles
Independents, Tonga People's Party 		2021 (general)
 Transnistria Dominant-party Obnovlenie
No parliamentary opposition; Transnistrian Communist Party 		2021 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)
Two-party People's National Movement
United National Congress 		2020 (general)
 Tobago Two-party Progressive Democratic Patriots
Tobago Council of the People's National Movement 		2021 (legislative)
 Tunisia Multi-party Non-partisan government; 25th of July Movement
People's Movement 		2019 (president)
2022–23 (parliament)
 Turkey Multi-party Justice and Development Party, Nationalist Movement Party, HÜDA PAR
CHP, DEM Parti, İYİ Parti, DEVA, Saadet, YRP, DP, TİP, DBP, EMEP, DSP 		2023 (president)
2023 (parliament)
 Turkmenistan Dominant-party Democratic Party of Turkmenistan, Agrarian Party, TSTP
No parliamentary opposition 		2023 (parliament)
2022 (presidential)
Two-party Progressive National Party
People's Democratic Movement 		2021 (general)
 Tuvalu Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2024 (general)

U

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Uganda Dominant-party National Resistance Movement
NUP, FDC, Democratic Party, UPC, JEEMA, PPP 		2021 (general)
 Ukraine Multi-party Servant of the People, For the Future, Dovira
YeS, Batkivshchyna, Holos, PZZhM, Restoration of Ukraine 		2019 (president)
2019 (parliament)
Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2019 (parliament)
 United Kingdom Multi-party Labour Party
Conservative Party (opposition), Lib Dems, SNP, DUP, Sinn Féin, Plaid Cymru, SDLP, Alba, Greens, APNI, Workers, Reform 		2024 (general)
Multi-party Sinn Féin, DUP, Alliance, UUP
SDLP, TUV, People Before Profit 		2022 (parliament)
 Scotland Multi-party Scottish National Party
Conservatives, Labour, Scottish Greens, Liberal Democrats 		2021 (parliament)
 Wales Multi-party Labour
Conservatives (official opposition), Plaid Cymru, Lib Dems 		2021 (parliament)
 United States Two-party Democratic Party
Republican Party (majority in U.S. House) 		2020 (general)
2022 (legislative)
 Uruguay Multi-party National Party, Colorado Party, CA, PI, Partido de la Gente
Broad Front, PERI 		2019 (general)
 Uzbekistan Multi-party Liberal Democratic Party, Milliy Tiklanish
Justice Social Democratic Party, XDP, O'EP 		2021 (presidential)
2019-20 (parliament)

V

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Vanuatu Multi-party UMP, RMC, LPV, GJP, NUP, PPP, VNDP, Laverwo
Vanua'aku Pati, RDP, Iauko Group, Nagriamel, PUDP, VPDP, UCM, NCM 		2022 (general)
 Vatican City Non-partisan Independents (no parliamentary opposition) 2013 (papal conclave)
 Venezuela Dominant-party GPPSB (PSUV, PPT, Tupamaro, MSV, PODEMOS, APC, MEP, ORA, UPP)
Democratic Alliance (AD, AP, El Cambio, PV, Copei), APR (PCV) 		2020 (parliament)
2018 (presidential)
 Vietnam One-party Communist Party of Vietnam, Fatherland Front 2021 (parliament)
Multi-party Virgin Islands Party
NDP, Progressive Virgin Islands Movement, Progressives United 		2019 (general)
Multi-party Democratic Party
Republican Party, Independent Citizens Movement 		2022 (gubernatorial)

W

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Wallis and Futuna Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2022 (legislative)
 Western Sahara One-party Polisario Front 2023 (legislative)

Y

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Yemen Dominant-party General People's Congress[g]
Al-Islah, Yemeni Socialist Party, Nasserist Unionist People's Organisation, Ba'ath Party 		2012 (presidential)
2003 (parliament)
See also 2014–2015 takeover

Z

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Zambia Multi-party United Party for National Development
Patriotic Front, Party of National Unity and Progress 		2021 (general)
 Zimbabwe Dominant-party Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front
Citizens Coalition for Change 		2023 (general)

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ All political parties are banned as "un-Islamic". The Taliban is the only legal political force in the current regime.[1][2]
  2. ^ The Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus asserts that it is an opposition party, but supports the presidency of Alexander Lukashenko nonetheless.
  3. ^ Iran's parties must adhere to a religious system of governance.
  4. ^ Independent politicians dominate Jersey's political system.
  5. ^ Independent pro-monarchy politicians dominate Jordan's political system.
  6. ^ See also Political status of Taiwan and One China
  7. ^ Competing factions of the General People's Congress are in charge of different parts of the country in the course of the ongoing civil war. In North Yemen, the Houthi movement-aligned faction loyal to party founder Ali Abdullah Saleh only partially shares power with the movement.[5]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Azadi, RFE/RL's Radio. "Taliban Bans Political Parties In Afghanistan After Declaring Them Un-Islamic". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2023-08-20.
  2. ^ "Taliban Ban Afghan Political Parties, Citing Sharia Violations". VOA. 2023-08-16. Retrieved 2023-08-20.
  3. ^ "Ny regering på Åland | Ålands landskapsregering". www.regeringen.ax. 25 November 2015. Retrieved 2021-02-26.
  4. ^ Hoffman, Paul (June 13, 2024). "Multi-party democracy under rule of law finally come of age". Daily Maverick. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  5. ^ Tawfeek al-Ganad (20 September 2022). "Weak and Divided, the General People's Congress Turns 40". Sana'a Center For Strategic Studies. Sanaa. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
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